Countryside Animal Clinic, PC
4091 Dundee Road
Northbrook, IL 60062
847-498-5567 |
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 Name: Maximus
Age: 8 years
Breed: Miniature Schnauzer
History: Increased thirst and urination
Examination findings: Normal physical exam
Significant laboratory findings: Hyperglycemia (elevated blood sugar), Glucosuria (sugar present in urine)
Treatment: Insulin was prescribed to Max and his owners were taught how to administer insulin injections. Maximus was put on a prescription diet.
Discussion: Dogs and cats, just like people, are susceptible to diabetes. The main sign is increased thirst and urination and weight loss despite a normal to increased appetite. As opposed to people most dogs get type 1 diabetes which involves a deficiency of the hormone insulin. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and is secreted into the bloodstream after eating. Insulin allows the body to use glucose (aka sugar). When there is a lack of insulin present blood sugar levels rise leading to increased urination. If the body is unable to utilize sugar it begins breaking down fat for energy. This explains the weight loss seen in diabetic dogs. If this goes on for a prolonged period of time, toxic byproducts of fat breakdown can build up in the system causing a condition called Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Dogs and cats with diabetic ketoacidosis are very sick and often require hospitalization. Another complication of unregulated diabetes is cataracts. Fortunately Maximus's owners have been doing very well with his insulin injections and keeping up with his scheduled rechecks. Great job guys! Keep up the good work.
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